The MSK Specialist

  The 4 Stages of Knee Osteoarthritis: Symptoms, Progression, and Treatments Knee pain is more than just a nuisance; for millions of people, it is a daily barrier to walking, climbing stairs, or even sleeping comfortably. At the heart of this discomfort often lies knee osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative condition where the protective cartilage in the knee joint gradually wears away. While the diagnosis can feel overwhelming, understanding the progression of the disease is the most powerful tool you have. Knowing where you stand allows you to choose the right intervention at the right time. From early preventative measures to advanced injections for osteoarthritis in the knee, the landscape of treatment is evolving rapidly. Whether you are noticing the first twinges of stiffness or managing long-term mobility issues, this guide will walk you through the four stages of knee OA and the modern therapies available to help you keep moving. Understanding the Stages of Knee Osteoarthritis...

  What is knee osteoarthritis? Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint condition where cartilage thins, bone structure changes, and inflammation increases pain and stiffness. The condition progresses gradually and affects movement, load tolerance, and daily function. How is knee osteoarthritis staged? Clinicians divide knee osteoarthritis into four stages based on cartilage loss, joint space narrowing, bone changes, pain intensity, and functional limitation. Each stage requires different management strategies. What happens in Stage 1 knee osteoarthritis? Stage 1 knee osteoarthritis shows minimal cartilage wear and early osteophyte formation. You often feel no pain or mild stiffness after activity. X-rays may show small bone spurs without joint space loss. Management focus Improves joint loading through exercise Optimises movement and strength What are the symptoms of Stage 2 knee osteoarthritis? Stage 2 knee osteoarthritis causes mild but frequent pain, stiffness a...

What is an MSK scan? An MSK scan is a diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound scan that visualises muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and surrounding soft tissue. Clinicians use MSK scans to identify tears, inflammation, fluid build-up, and structural changes linked to pain and dysfunction. How does a diagnostic MSK ultrasound scan work? Diagnostic MSK ultrasound scans use high-frequency sound waves to produce real-time images. The clinician moves the probe while you move the joint, allowing dynamic assessment of tissue behaviour during activity. What conditions are assessed with MSK ultrasound? MSK ultrasound assesses a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions, including: Detects tendon tears, tendinopathy, and calcification Identifies muscle strains and fibre disruption Confirms ligament sprains and instability Visualises bursitis, joint effusions, and synovitis How do NHS MSK scans work? NHS MSK scans usually require a GP or consultant referral. Waiting times depe...